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Table of Contents
Foreword xv
Preface xix
Organization of this book xx
Who should read this book xxi
How to use this book xxii
Web site xxiii
Acknowledgments xxiii
Part I Basic Principles of PDM and SCM 1
1 Requirements of complex product development 3
1.1 Products are all around us 3
1.2 Product life cycle 5
1.2.1 The development phase 6
1.2.2 Different variants of PLCs 8
1.3 Complexity increases 8
1.4 PDM and SCM 13
References 15
2 General description of PDM 17
2.1 Introduction 17
2.1.1 History overview 19 2.1.2 PDM definition 19
2.2 Basic functionality 21
2.2.1 Data vault and document management 22
2.2.2 Workflow management 23
2.2.3 Product structure management 24
2.2.4 Classification management 28
2.2.5 Program management 28
2.2.6 Communication and notification 28
2.2.7 Data transport and translation 29
2.2.8 Image services 29
2.2.9 System administration 29
2.2.10 Application integration 30
2.3 Information architecture 31
2.3.1 Data representation 31
2.3.2 Information model 32
2.3.3 Version management 34
2.4 System architecture 35
2.4.1 PDM database 36
2.4.2 Data vault 37
2.4.3 Data replication in a distributed environment 37
2.5 Applications 38
2.5.1CM 39
2.5.2 Document management 40
2.5.3 Product configurators 42
2.5.4 Collaboration 42
2.5.5 Project management 44
2.6 Trends in PDM 45
2.6.1 Trends in research and development of PDM 45
2.6.2 Trends in industry 50
2.7 Summary 54
References 55
3 General description of SCM 59
3.1 Introduction 59
3.1.1 Historical overview 60
3.1.2 Definition 61
3.2 Basic functions 62
3.2.1 Version management 63 3.2.2 Workspace management 66
3.2.3 Configuration selection 67
3.2.4 Build management 69
3.2.5 Release management 69
3.2.6 Concurrent development 70
3.2.7 Distributed development 70
3.2.8 Change management 72
3.2.9 Integration with other tools 76
3.3 Related domains 77
3.3.1 CM 77
3.3.2 Document management 78
3.4 Trends 79
3.4.1 Versioning models 80
3.4.2 Workspace management 81
3.4.3 Distributed CM 81
3.4.4 SCM and the Web 81
3.4.5 Component CM 83
3.4.6 SCM process 84
3.4.7 Integrated environments 84
3.5 Summary 85
References 86
Part II Similarities and Differences Between PDM and SCM 89
4 Comparison of technical principles and key functionality 91
4.1 Comparison of principles 92
4.1.1 System architecture 92
4.1.2 Product model 97
4.1.3 Evolution model 98
4.1.4 Process model 99
4.2 Comparison of key functionality 100
4.2.1 Version management 100
4.2.2 Product structure management 102
4.2.3 Build management 103
4.2.4 Change management 103
4.2.5 Release management 104
4.2.6 Workflow and process management 104
4.2.7 Document management 104
4.2.8 Concurrent development 104
4.2.9 CM and selection management 104
4.2.10 Workspace management 105
4.2.11 Role definitions 105
4.3 Summary 105
References 107
5 Analysis and general findings 109
5.1 Development process and information management 110
5.1.1 Hardware products 110
5.1.2 Software products 113
5.1.3 Remarks 116
5.2 A case study—Information management and PLC 117
5.2.1 Development and maintenance of a hardware-based product 117
5.2.2 Development and maintenance of a software-based product 119
5.3 Complex products 120
5.3.1 Structures of complex products 120
5.3.2 Information flow 123
5.3.3 Integration 124
5.4 Integration requirements and constraints 125
5.4.1 Integration needs 125
5.4.2 Overlapping functions and redundant data 125
5.4.3 Cultural differences 127
5.4.4 Choice between PDM and SCM 127
5.5 Summary 128
References 129
Part III Integration and Deployment 131
6 PDM and SCM integration 133
6.1 Possible integrations 134
6.1.1 Full integration 134
6.1.2 Loose integration 136
6.1.3 No integration 139
6.1.4 Conclusion 140
6.2 Different scenarios in an integrated environment 140
6.2.1 Integration prerequisites 143
6.2.2 Scenario A: PDM—User interaction 144
6.2.3 Scenario B: SCM—User interaction 145
6.3 Examples of integrations 148
6.3.1 Case study: Integration of eMatrix and ClearCase 148
6.3.2 Integration of Metaphase and ClearCase 155
6.4 Summary 157
References 158
7 Evaluation and deployment 159
7.1 Evaluation and deployment of complex systems 160
7.1.1 The organization of the evaluation and deployment process 162
7.2 Evaluation 168
7.2.1 Evaluation team 168
7.2.2 Evaluation project activities and milestones 169
7.2.3 Cost analysis 170
7.2.4 Return on investment 171
7.2.5 Evaluation of the tool vendor 173
7.2.6 SCM Evaluation example 174
7.2.7 PDM evaluation example 174
7.3 Deployment 177
7.3.1 Deployment process 177
7.3.2 PDM deployment 179
7.3.3 SCM deployment 181
7.3.4 Deployment of the PDM and SCM integrated environment 186
7.4 Summary 189
References 190
Part IV Case Studies 191
8 Case studies 193
8.1 Introduction 193
8.2 Sun Microsystems, Inc. 195
8.2.1 Development process and PLC 196
8.2.2 Deployment of tools 201
8.2.3 Conclusion 201
8.3 Mentor Graphics Corporation 201
8.3.1 Development process and PLC 202
8.3.2 Document management 205
8.3.3 Conclusion 205
8.4 Ericsson Radio Systems AB 206
8.4.1 The case study 206
8.4.2 The PDC system 207
8.4.3 Project organization 209
8.4.4 PLC process 212
8.4.5 The most important tools 214
8.4.6 CM methods 217
8.4.7 Information flow 218
8.4.8 Conclusion 224
8.5 Ericsson Mobile Communications AB 225
8.5.1 PDM tools 226
8.5.2 Product modeling 229
8.5.3 Traceability 230
8.5.4 Change management 230
8.5.5 Conclusion 230
8.6 ABB Automation Technology Products 231
8.6.1 Data management tools 232
8.6.2 Product structure 233
8.6.3 Conclusion 235
8.7 SaabTech Electronics AB 236
8.7.1 The central article and structure register PDM system 236
8.7.2 The new PDM system 238
8.7.3 Conclusion 243
8.8 Summary 243
References 245
Part V Tools and Standards Survey 247
9 A survey of PDM tools 249
9.1 PDM resources on the Internet 251
9.1.1 Product Data Management Information Center 251
9.1.2 John Stark Associates 251
9.1.3 CIMdata 251
9.1.4 CADCAMnet 251
9.2 PDM systems 252
9.2.1 MatrixOne 252
9.2.2 TeamCenter 254
9.2.3 Windchill 256
9.2.4 ENOVIA 258
9.3 List of PDM tools 260
9.4 Summary 261
References 262
10 Survey of SCM tools 263
10.1 SCM resources on the Internet 264
10.1.1 CM Yellow Page 264
10.1.2 CM II Users Groups 264
10.1.3 FAQs relating to CM 264
10.2 Commercial SCM tools 265
10.2.1 AllFusion Harvest Change Manager 265
10.2.2 Rational ClearCase 266
10.2.3 CM Synergy 269
10.2.4 MERANT PVCS 271
10.2.5 Microsoft Visual Source Safe 272
10.3 List of SCM commercial tools 273
10.4 Freeware SCM tools 273
10.4.1 RCS 275
10.4.2 CVS 275
10.4.3 List of free SCM tools 276
10.5 Summary 277
References 277
11 Document management systems 279
11.1 Document management and PDM 280
11.2 Document life cycle and document management 281
11.2.1 Document creation and the import of documents 282
11.2.2 Data storage 282
11.2.3 Documentation editing 283
11.2.4 Publishing 283
11.2.5 Viewing 283
11.2.6 Archiving (long-term storage) 284
11.2.7 Document disposal 284
11.2.8 Document and content search functions 285
11.2.9 Location transparency support 285
11.2.10 Management of compound documents 285
11.2.11 Version management and CM 286
11.2.12 Access control 286
11.2.13 Workflow management 286
11.3 Document management and related technologies 286
11.4 Document management resources on the Internet 288
11.4.1 Cms-list 288
11.4.2 CMSWatch 288
11.4.3 Document Management Avenue Ltd. 289
11.4.4 Information Management Internet Directory 289
11.4.5 Intranet Journal 289
11.4.6 Knowledgestorm 289
11.5 List of document and content management systems 289
11.6 Summary 293
References 294
12 Standards and de facto standards in PDM and SCM 295
12.1 PDM standards 296
12.1.1 ISO 10303 STEP 296
12.2 CM standards 300
12.2.1 MIL-STD-973 CM 301
12.2.2 MIL-STD-483 CM Practices for Systems, Equipment,
12.2.2 Munitions, and Computer Programs 302
12.2.3 ISO 10007:1995 Quality Management—Guidelines for CM 303
12.2.4 EIA-649 Nonconsensus Standard for CM 304
12.3 SCM standards 305
12.3.1 IEEE STD 828—1998 SCM Plans 305
12.3.2 IEEE STD 1042—1987 IEEE Guide to SCM 306
12.4 Life cycle processes 306
12.4.1 ISO/IEC FDIS 15288 Systems Engineering—System
12.4.1 Life Cycle Processes 307
12.4.2 ISO 12207:1995 Software Life Cycle Processes 307
12.4.3 ISO 9000-3: 1997 Quality Management and Quality
12.4.3 Assurance Standards—Part 3 309
12.5 CMM? and CMM Integration? 312
12.5.1 CMM? 312
12.5.2 CMM Integration? 316
12.6 SGML and XML 317
12.7 Summary 320
References 320
Acronyms 323
About the Author 329
Index 333
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